무엇 is 진공 증발 공정?

무엇 is 진공 증발 공정?

원리 의 진공 증발
진공 증발 is a 기술 that heats and 증발 the target material under vacuum conditions, 원인 a large number of atoms and molecules to 기화 and leave the 액체 도금 material or leave the surface of the solid plating material (or sublimate), and finally deposit on the the surface of the substrate. 동안 the whole process, 기체 원자 and molecules will directly migrate to the the substrate after very few collisions in the vacuum, and deposit on the surface of the the substrate to form a thin film. Evaporation methods include resistance heating, high-frequency induction heating, electron beam, laser beam, ion beam high-energy bombardment of the plateing material, etc.

진공 증발 is 가장 빠른 기술 사용 in PVD.

증발 소스
The heating device that heats the plating material to the evaporation temperature and vaporizes it is called an evaporation source. The most commonly used evaporation sources are resistance evaporation sources and electron beam evaporation sources. Special-purpose evaporation sources include high-frequency induction heating, arc heating, radiation heating, laser heating evaporation sources, etc.

기본 과정 의 진공 증발 is as 팔로우:

1.  Pre-plating treatment: 포함 청소 의 도금 부품 및 전처리. 특이 청소 방법 포함 청소 에이전트 청소, 화학 용제 청소, 초음파 청소 및 이온 폭격 청소. 특정 전처리 포함 정전기 제거, 프라이머 코팅, 등

2. % c2 % a0용광로 로딩 % 3a 포함 진공 챔버 청소 및 도금 옷걸이 청소 % 2C 증발 소스 설치 % 2C 디버깅 % 2C 및 도금 카드.

3. 진공 청소기로 청소: 일반적으로 , it is 대략적으로 펌핑 이상 6.6Pa first, and the front stage of the diffusion pump is opened 더 일찍 to 유지 진공 pump and heat the diffusion pump. after preheating is senoughcient, open the high valve and use the diffusion pump to pump to 6×10-3Pa background vacuum.

4. 베이킹:

5. 이온 폭격: The 진공 정도 is 일반적으로 10Pa~10-1Pa, the 이온 폭격 전압 is 200V~1kV 음수 고전압, 및 the 폭격 시간 is 5min~30min,

6. 사전 용융: 조정 전류 사전용융 도금 재료, 및 degas 1min~2min.

7. 증발 증착:

8. 냉각: The plated parts are 냉각 to a certain temperature in the the vacuum chamber.

9. Out of the 오븐: 후 취 아웃 부품, 닫기 진공 챔버, 대피 to 1×10-1}Pa, and the diffusion pump is 냉각 to the 허용 온도 before the 유지보수 펌프 및 냉각 물 can be turned off.

10. Post-processing: 적용 탑코트, etc.

with the implementation of the EU RoHS directive and the legislation of various countries on environmental protection issues, the traditional highly polluting electroplating industry no longer meets environmental protection requirements and will inevitably be replaced by emerging environmental protection processes. Vacuum coating has no wastewater, exhaust gas and other pollution, and has an absolute advantage in environmental protection. In fact, vacuum coating technology has been applied in most industries in China. For example, in the bathroom industry, the hardware accessories used by Smart Water Tech also adopt vacuum coating. The typical characteristics seen in daily life are that the paint not not fall off, it can can be used as as a mirror, and the reflected image is not distored.

1. Nano-level thickness and uniform film thickness. The thickness of the vacuum coating film is only tens to hundreds of nanometers (generally Less than or equal to 0.2um), and the thickness of each part of the film is extremely uniform. For example: When the thickness of the aluminum coating reaches 0.9nm, it can be conductive. When it reaches 30nm, the performance is the same as that of solid aluminum. When the silver coating is less than 5nm, it cannot be conductive. Each plastic product has a roughness of about 0.5um. Combined with the first factor, the plastic surface is sprayed with UV before coating for sealing and leveling to achieve the ideal mirror effect. Because the coating layer is too thin, the appearance requirements of the primer UV material are almost harsh, which requires the coating room to have extremely high cleanliness. At the same time, the larger the product appearance area, the higher the defective rate may be (the cleanliness of the current Aoke production workshop is 10,000 level, and the cleanliness of the spray room, oven, and coating workshop is 3000 level).

코팅 두께 현재 주로 제어 빛 투과율 및 반사율. 두꺼운 코팅, 더 나쁨 투과율 및 높은 반사율.

2. The placement of coated products is directional: In 수직 및 수평 도금 용광로, 제품 필수 및 배치 a 평면 평행 to the 도금 용광로 툴링. 금속 재료 이동 in a 직선 선 또는 호 with the steam flow, and the coating materials are generally placed parallel to the tooling. The space of the coating room is fixed. The larger the flat area of ​​the product and the deeper the curved surface, the lower the production capacity and the higher the corresponding production cost.

3. the surface of the product after UV primer coating and coating is extremely fragile and sensitive and requires special protection. because the coating layer is only a few tens of nanometers, it not not with the ability to shield the surface of the UV primer layer. In addition, because the coating layer is too thin, the the metal of the coating layer is s extreme weak and is s easy scratched and bruised. After the product is UV primer coated and coated, it cannot be fully inspected manually (the yield rate is determined by small batch trial production). During the operation, special handles for fixtures, finger cots, masks and automotive dust-free covers are are used to prevent the the the product from being contaminated and damaged.

4. 사건 속도 의 코팅 재료 또는 증기 흐름 매우 높음. 일반적으로, 사건 속도 의 금속 원자 in 마그네트론 스퍼터링 및 증발 is 약 2000 m/s. The 코팅 시간 당 용광로 ( 누적 사건 강수량 시간 의 금속 원자) is 일반적으로 about 15-20 분. 마그네트론 스퍼터링 다양 의존 프로세스. 용량 의 각 용광로 is about 450-800 PCS/furnace, taking the ordinary flip phone shell as an example. The capacity of each furnace varies depending on the size of the product.

5. 저기 있다 다양하게 방법 만들다 색상. 저기 있다 현재 삼 방법 만들다 색상:

(1). 추가 색상 본질 에 중간 코팅 UV 또는 상단 코팅 UV. 왜냐면 색상 본질 의지 반응 UV 자외선 빛, 더 추가 양 일반적으로 약 5%;

(2). 충전 가스 끼워넣기 코팅 공정 만들다 가스 반응 와 금속 재료 얻기 얻기 색상 (such as Ar2+O2+}aluminum metal can 얻기 검정, O2+Al 얻기 노란색);

(3). 그것 이다 a 조합 의 더 위 둘 생산을 위한. 일반적으로 말하기, 더 어둡게, 풍부하게 및 밝게 더 색상, 더 더 나쁘게 더 접착 (추가 색상 본질 과정).

6. The range of metal materials for coating is extremely wide. In theory, all kinds of metals and metal alloys can be used as coating materials except iron metals. Commonly used ones are aluminum, copper, tin, nickel, chromium, etc. In addition, because coating is a physical process, it has almost no effect on the performance of the product material itself.

7. The 품질 수준 that 코팅 제품 can achieve: 접착력: no 흘리기. RCA wear resistance: 200-300 times. 경도: 1H-3HABS+PC 재료 are generally rubbed for 1H at 500g; PMMA 재료 can reach 3H or even 4H. 기타 같은 같은 높은 및 낮은 온도, 뜨거운 및 차가운 충격, 소금 스프레이 테스트, 자외선 테스트, 화장품 테스트, 안티인공 땀 테스트, 등. 할 수 충족 관습적 요구 사항.

8. 시간 제한 의 생산 공정: 때문에 the metal coating will oxidize and blacken when exposed to the the air for a long time, the oxidation speed of different materials is different. among them, the tin coating has the fastest oxidation speed, and it will obviously blacken after 8H. In addition, if the primer UV is left for too long, the paint film is too thick, which will also 영향 the 접착 의 the 코팅 layer. 그러므로, the 시간 간격 between the 프라이머 UV, 코팅 및 상단 코팅 UV 프로세스 is generally limited to 8-12} hours based on actual operation experience.

9. UV 코팅 및 코팅 시공 특성: 프라이머 UV 및 상단 코팅 UV 코팅 사용 for 코팅 have two obvious differences compared to normalor plastic spray UV coatings:
(1) the solid content of the coating material composition is high, and the the primer UV is the highest;
(2) It does not contain and cannot add inert solvents used in ordinary spraying, and special solvents must be specially formulated.

따라서 , the product's unit coating amount and cost are significantly higher than ordinary plastic spraying. In addition, the requirements of primer UV, top coating UV and color concentrate on the UV energy range are also more strictent than ordinary UV. Generally, the primer UV requires 800-1000mj/cm², 및 the top 코팅 UV 필요 900-1100 mj/cm². The color concentrates of different colors adjust the UV lamp energy according to the the actual situation. The filtering requirements during UV production are also stricter than ordinary plastic UV, and generally require filtering with a filter of about 600 mesh. The UV film thickness requirements are 18-25}um for the primer and 18-22um for the topcoat.